Preventing Terrorism and Countering Violent Extremism and Radicalization that Lead to Terrorism: A Community-Policing Approach

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Titel
Preventing Terrorism and Countering Violent Extremism and Radicalization that Lead to Terrorism: A Community-Policing Approach
Medienart
Sprache
Verlag
Ort
Vienna
Jahr
Umfang
200 p.
Schlagwort
Annotation
Introduction
Terrorism is a denial of democracy and of human rights, which are at the very core of the OSCE. No country in the OSCE area or beyond is immune to the threat of terrorism: it is real, pervasive and multifaceted, but it should be carefully assessed to ensure that it is neither exaggerated nor minimized.
The state has the obligation and primary responsibility to
prevent and combat terrorism, as well as to respect and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. However, the state needs to draw on the support of society in general, including civil society and businesses, to successfully counter this
phenomenon. Protecting the public from terrorism has become a major, highly scrutinized and challenging task for the police. Their main duties in ademocratic state include protecting the fundamental rights and freedoms of every individual, particularly the right to life; preventing and detecting crime; and reducing
fear.
To deliver effectively on this expectation, with a commitment to
human rights and the support of the public, it can be beneficial for the police to adopt a community-policing approach to
prevent terrorism and counter VERLT. In the OSCE area, community policing has emerged as a major strategic complement to traditional policing practices. Community policing provides a strategy to achieve the objectives of democratic policing more effectively and efficiently; it does not change those objectives.
Its focus is on establishing police-public partnerships, where the entire police organization, relevant government agencies and communities actively co-operate in solving problems. In order to
establish such partnerships, the police must be closely integrated into the community to strengthen public trust and confidence in their actions, particularly through policing by
consent. Community policing can be an effective strategy in helping to reduce crime and improve wider community safety. If implemented with adequate planning and preparation, it can also make a tangible and durable contribution to broader strategic efforts to prevent terrorism and counter VERLT. Community policing should be implemented in its own right, however, as terrorism is just one of many issues it can help address and crimes it can help prevent.

How this guidebook works
This guidebook provides policy guidance on central issues that can have an impact on the success or failure of police efforts to
harness a community-policing approach to preventing terrorism and countering VERLT. The guidebook is, therefore, primarily intended for policymakers and senior police professionals. However, it may also be a useful resource for members of civil society with an interest in these issues, in particular community leaders. It can serve as a common reference to promote mutual understanding and trust, as well as to facilitate dialogue between the police and members of the public on the threat of terrorism and VERLT; the human rights and fundamental freedoms at stake in preventing terrorism; the potential role of
communities in preventing terrorism; and the way the police and the public can effectively approach accountability, engagement and co-operation in preventing terrorism.
Sections 2 and 3 of the guidebook cover key concepts related to the prevention of terrorism and community-based approaches to countering terrorism.
Section 4 explores the extent to which community policing may benefit efforts to prevent terrorism and counter VERLT.
Section 5 provides practical guidance on specific implementation issues, such as co-ordination, tasking,
training, communication, information exchange, engagement with specific groups and evaluation.
Sections 4 and 5 are at the core of the guidebook because they specifically focus on community policing. Sections 2 and 3, however, provide an essential conceptual background to put this guidance into context. Given its length, the guidebook was written, to the extent possible, in such a way that readers may consult each section and some subsections independently and, therefore, there may be redundancies.
The guidebook draws on an analysis of the accumulated experience of several OSCE participating States and Partners for Co-operation, and it builds on previous OSCE publications, most notably: Guidebook on Democratic Policing (2nd ed., 2008) and Good Practices in Building Police-Public Partnerships (2008); Recommendations on Policing in Multi-Ethnic Societies by the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities (2006); Countering Terrorism, Protecting Human Rights: A Manual ODIHR (2007); and Human Rights in Counterterrorism Investigations: A Practical Manual for Law Enforcement Officers by TNTD and ODIHR (2013). References to these publications have been made throughout the guidebook, but readers are encouraged to consult them for further elaboration on relevant points.
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